Modern visual recovery operations are high and safe procedures that allow you to eliminate almost any ophthalmic problem.They are successfully used in several decades, so the methods are constantly evolving, expanding and more effective.Improving visual functions is obtained using the hardware adjustment of the structure of cornea, lens, retina and other elements of the eye optical system.The correct selected technology allows you to completely restore vision completely and reduce the risk of complications.You will learn what is the article, use, use and availability of possible risks.
Type
The medical method is reliable and minimally invasive thanks to the development of visual and minimally invasive procedures.Their duration is not more than a few hours and there is no need for complex rehabilitation measures in the future.The choice of surgical treatment is selected depending on the patient's disease, age and general.
Laser correction
The most popular type of transaction to correct visual acute.Today, these are high-level methods with high efficiency and minimal risk of complications.Myopia allows you to cope with foresight and astigmatism.After the procedure, visual sharpness is kept for a long time and can prevent re-intrusion if you follow all the instructions of an ophthalmologist.There are types of laser adjustments:
- Lasik.The main operating type to restore visual acuity.First, the cornea surface layer is separated by microcroce, then a change in the form is carried out using a laser beam.The main disadvantage of this type of amendment is impossible to take into account the individual features of the patient's eye anatomy;
- Super Lasik.An advanced version of the traditional lassic methodology.It allows you to achieve better results because the patient's visual system has taken into account the structure.Used in the most modern clinics in the world;
- Femto Lasik.A similar type of operation is a single difference, not a micro-cutting of cornea, but a special femo laser.During the operation, the operation has an improved version depending on the patient's individual features - Super Shnom Lasik;
- Epi-lasik.The mechanism of the procedure is the same as the traditional lasik method, but such an operation is set to patients with a subtle cornea (obtained or congenital);
- PRK (FRK).The photo refraction was carried out since 1985 in the keratectomy.Today, the presence of contrary to the usual correction methods, for example, is applied with a thin cornea, serious ophthalmic diseases.The healing process is always painful, the recovery period lasts longer in other ways.
Visual Correction Operations are not more than 15 minutes.After the procedure, it is necessary to wear a protective dressing for several hours, as well as instill drops for 1-2 months.The risk of the complications is minimal, it is necessary with a significant decrease in recycling.
Vprectomy
This is a procedure for the full or partial removal of the vitreous body of the eyeball.It passes within 2-3 hours, under common or local anesthesia, unless complications.First, small puncurs are made in the eye sock, which was carried out in later manipulations.As a rule, this is a laser's caution of the laser of the retina's affected territories, abroad and the restoration of fabric integrity.The procedure is set for the following problems:
- Restoration of visual functions after bleeding in eye tissues;
- Age Prevention - Retinal gang;
- Treatment of a heavy retrainopathy of what is happening in general wounds or nevascularization (sprouting blood vessels).
Artificial polymers, gas bubble, silicone oil or a solution of saline are used as a substitute for the body of vitreus.The last type is used more frequently, because in the future, a repetitive operation is required - the salt solution is subsequently being replaced by fluid.
After the operation, the side effects are possible in the form of swelling of cornea, increasing the pressure of intraokular pressure or more vision.The recovery and forecast depends on the width of the lesion, as well as the type of prosthesis while replacing the body of the vitreous.If there are irreversible changes in the optic nerve, it is almost impossible to adjust the appearance.
Scleroplasty
A general ophthalmic procedure (SKLERA) aimed at strengthening the outer crust of the eye.Failing to adjust visual functions is designated to stabilize the myopia degree in a patient from the risk group.It is recommended to be implemented by teenagers suffering from this problem, because the form of the eye in this age is actively changing.
During the operation, the necessary amount of material flaps to strengthen SClera are presented behind the back wall of the eyelid.Polymers or biological components are usually used.After that, a spike occurs with an exterior peel of the eye and a few months later turns into a flap of blood vessels needed to protect the visual functions.There is a simplified version of SCleroplasty.It is the application of an artificial or biological substance for the eyeball.The mechanism of movement in such technology is the same - prevent the growth of the eyelid.
Scleroplasty
This is a good operation that does not practically change over the years.Are carried out in most clinics.There were no practical side effects, except possible allergies in the drug.The second operation is generally required.
Changing the lens
The necessary operation during the cloud or any other degenerative processes in the lens, such as cataracts.Treatment is always forced, but the implant is selected individually depending on the severity of age, sex and sight.Crystalus replacement is defined in the following cases:
- High degree of myopia and foresight;
- a significant reduction in refraction;
- Reducing restrictions in the eye, age - vision;
- impossibility of restoring laser vision;
- cataract;
- The possibility of developing glaucoma against a systematic or ophthalmic disease background.
The procedure is always happening under local anesthesia.During the operation, the surgeon makes a small cut with a laser, then the patient's lens is diluted and out of sight.After that, a prepared transplant was installed.The intervention is not more than 25 minutes, but no need to restore seams and hospital.
The operation is carried out in most private and public clinics.After manipulation, there is no complication at all, but later laser vision adjustments are often defined.Rarely, the lenses need to be re-regulated.
Keratoplasty (Change of Corne)
It is one of the most modern and complex ophthalmic operations that require many risk and high schools of surgeon.The cornea is required to restore anatomical integrity and physiological functions.Assigned to the treatment of congenital or acquired imperfections obtained as a result of injuries or diseases.A healthy fabric for transplant is carried only on donors, but many countries are developing artificial pronouns in many countries.Keratoplasty is recommended to solve the following problems:
- Treatment of corneal diseases (Belko, tone disorders);
- mechanical or chemical damage;
- Congenital defects.
The operation is not more than 30 minutes.During the procedure, the surgeon from a laser or a special scalpel removes a part of the patient's corneal and implants the implants instead of implants.Stitches can last until a year, then a special lens is selected to reduce the risk of infections.The recovery period is required for 4 weeks, antibiotics, but regular examinations are required for the next year.
In recent years, it was possible to significantly reduce the risk of dismissal of the donor due to the use of special compositions during processing and protection.
Retina's laser necessary
Operational method of restoring the retinal tissue.The effectiveness of the method is more than 70% and can return to the usual lifestyle 24 hours after application.Observations by an ophthalmologist need a year after the procedure.
Today, the operation is carried out using a laser that allows you to do blood loss.Anesthesia is carried out locally, the procedure is not more than 20 minutes.
Prior to exposure to the laser, drops drops to expand the student, then put a special protective lens during exposure to low frequencies.Damaged cells due to high temperatures, as well as small blood vessels.
The clotting procedure is necessary for any damage and pathology of the retina, as well as the eyes and diseases of the vascular system of this body.It is possible to inflammation and clouds after surgery.It is impossible to deal with heavy physical labor and active sports a few years after correction.
Fraction
The effective method of treatment of various coconts of the cornea.Different degrees or degenerative processes are made to strengthen the ligaments and other fibers in corneal tissues, which are necessary for the keratoconus.
The operation is carried out under local anesthesia.The smallest part of the cornea is cut off with a special device and instills vitamin B2 in an open area.The next radiation allows you to collect fabrics with more than 200%.The first week after the operation, you need to wear a protective connection lens and will be examined by the doctor for 6 months.The impact of the procedure lasts for 10 years, then re-operation is required.
Rarely complications are observed.The patient can reduce vision, the inflammation or clouding of the cornea can occur.
Treatment of glaucoma
Drug therapy needs an ophthalmological operation for different degrees of glaucoma that does not bring the necessary result.The operation is carried out using laser or surgical.
The laser method is considered the most successful.It's completely painless for the patient and practically there are no complication.During the procedure, a hole is made with a hole with a beam with a beam of the eye to normalize pressure.All types are used in the treatment of glaucoma.
The surgical surgery of the manual surgery is less effective, because after the procedure there is a risk of complications.As a rule, this is a deep sclerectomy that is not in the company.The purpose of the method is to reduce the pressure of obedience using the corneal layer.
After both of the types of operations, the effect decreases over time.On average, the second operation is required in 5-7 years.This period can be extended using an authorized drug treatment.
Conclusion
Today, in most modern ophthalmic clinics, a number of surgeries are being conducted to adjust vision.These are the exact high-intech methods you can solve almost any eye flaw.The choice of the method depends on a number of factors - age, the disease is the individual characteristics of the system of the patient's visual system.After the operation, the effect occurs almost immediately, and if all doctor's recipes are observed, visual sharpness can be preserved for a long time.